Izitofu zamafutha ngamacandelo amancinane ombane asetyenziselwa ukuhambisa isibaso ngesitshizi ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo eninzi yokungena phambi kwevalve yokungena kwi-injini yedizili. Izitofu zedizili zintsonkothile kakhulu; I-injector ine-micron filter ephezulu kwicala lokungena eliphezulu elihambelana nemingxuma emincinci yobungakanani be-hypodermic emazantsi ukwenzela ukuba i-atomizing ye-diesel fuel. I-diesel fuel isebenza njengomthombo wokuthambisa kumalungu angaphakathi e-injector. Umthombo oyintloko wokungaphumeleli kwii-injection ngamanzi kumafutha. Xa amanzi kumafutha ehambisa iipropati zokuthambisa iindawo zangaphakathi ziguga ngokukhawuleza kwaye i-injector iyonke inokusilela ngokukhawuleza.
Izitofu ziyinxalenye ye-injini ebaluleke kakhulu. Ivalve yesitofu iyavula kwaye ivale nge-rpm efanayo nenjini yedizili. I-RPM eqhelekileyo yeenjini zedizili kuMntla Melika imalunga ne-1800. Oku kulingana namaxesha angama-140,000 ngeyure! Ukongeza kumanzi kwi-fuel, ii-injection ziphantsi kwekhabhoni kunye neengqungquthela zokungcola ezifakwe kwiyunithi ngokusebenzisa into embi yokucoca umoya. Uhlobo lwepetroli, ibakala kunye nezongezo ezisetyenzisiweyo nazo zinempembelelo enkulu kwixesha elilindelekileyo lokuphila kwi-injector yamafutha. I-ECM (Imodyuli yoLawulo lwe-Injini) ilawula ii-injector zamafutha kwiinjini ezininzi ze-diesel zombane. Izitofu zedizili zihlala zinamandla xa isitshixo sivulwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba injini ijikwe. I-ECM ibeka i-injector, igqibezela isiphaluka kwaye ibangela ukuba i-nozzle ye-injector ivuleke. I-ECM emva kokufumana ulwazi oluvela kwii-sensors zolawulo ezahlukeneyo inquma ubude bexesha ii-injection kufuneka zibekwe phantsi ukuze zifake umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wepetroli enikwe imfuno yokuphuma kwamandla eenjini.
Inkqubo yezitofu zedizili yokuvula, ukuvala kunye nokukhupha isixa esichanekileyo samafutha kwenzeka kwiimilliseconds. Ukudubula umjikelo we-injector ngokuqhelekileyo kugqitywe kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-5 milliseconds. Izitofu ze-diesel ze-diesel ziza ngeemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwi-injini yokwenza kunye nemodeli kunye nemfuno yamandla. Izitofu zemoto zincinci kakhulu kuneenzima{5}}zomsebenzi wedizili kwaye zilinganiswa ngee-intshi ze-cubic. Kukho iindidi ezimbini zezitofu ze-diesel fuel: eyokuqala ibizwa ngokuba yi-throttle body injection apho ii-injection ezi-1-2 zifumaneka kumzimba we-throttle ngokwawo kwi-injini ye-diesel kwaye zibonelela ngemitha ye-mist spray spray kwi-manifold intake. Le nkqubo yonikezelo ngokuyimfuneko ihlawulisa umthamo kunye nevalve yokuthatha itsalela amafutha kwi-cylinder ye-injini. Inkqubo yesibini yonikezelo, eyaziwa ngokuba sisitofu sohlobo lwezibuko lomntu ngamnye, intsha kwaye iyonga kakhulu amafutha. Uhlobo lwezibuko lwenaliti lusebenza ngakumbi kune-carburetor kuba lulungelelanisa ukuxinana komoya kunye nokuphakama kwaye aluxhomekekanga kwi-vacuum eninzi.
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesitofu sokutshiza kuvela xa iisilinda zikufutshane kwii-injection ezinomxube ongcono kunezo zikude. Ngohlobo lwezibuko lwesitofu esi siphako siyapheliswa ngokutofa umlinganiselo ofanayo wamafutha kwi-cylinder nganye kwi-injini.
Iziqwenga ze-Injector
I-injector nganye yamafutha ihluke kancinane kodwa zonke zineenxalenye eziphambili ze-15 ezibandakanya isihluzo, i-ring guide, i-core spring, i-spring spring, isihlalo, i-pole piece, i-stop, i-solenoid coil, i-solenoid body, i-core ring, i-core, i-spray incam yezindlu, umlawuli kunye ne-spray tip. Ukuhamba kwamafutha kulawulwa yi-ECM ngokuphakamisa ibhola kwisihlalo sayo. Oku kuvumela amafutha ukuba ahambe kwi-orifice yesitulo kwaye aphume ngepleyiti yomlawuli esisigxina enemingxuma emininzi. Ipleyiti yomlawuli isebenza ukwalathisa ipateni yokutshiza ngamafutha. Olu hlobo lwesitofu lunepateni yokutshiza ye-engile ye-10 ukuya kwi-15 degree. I-atomization ye-fuel yolu hlobo lwe-injector ifana ne-injector yodidi lwe-disc. Idiskhi kunye nee-injection zohlobo lwebhola ngokuyila kwaye azichaphazeleki kakhulu ukuvala.
